Difference Between Bomb Calorimeter And Coffee Cup Calorimeter
Calorimetry is a branch of thermodynamics that deals with the measurement of the heat released or absorbed during chemical reactions. In this field, there are two types of calorimeters that are commonly used: the bomb calorimeter and the coffee cup calorimeter. Although they both measure heat changes, they differ in their construction, function, and applications. This article will explore the differences between these two types of calorimeters.
Bomb Calorimeter
The bomb calorimeter, also known as the combustion calorimeter, is a device used to measure the heat released during a combustion reaction. It consists of a cylindrical metal bomb, which is made of a strong material like stainless steel or a nickel-chromium alloy. The bomb is lined with an insulating material, such as glass wool, to prevent heat from escaping. The sample to be analyzed is placed in a small metal crucible, which is then placed inside the bomb. Oxygen is then added to the bomb and pressurized to a high level before ignition. The combustion reaction takes place, and the heat released is absorbed by the water surrounding the bomb. The increase in temperature of the water is measured, and the heat released during the reaction is calculated using the heat capacity of the calorimeter.
The bomb calorimeter is commonly used in the food industry to determine the calorific value of food. It is also used in the study of fuel combustion and the development of new fuels.
Coffee Cup Calorimeter
The coffee cup calorimeter, also known as the constant-pressure calorimeter, is a simple device used to measure the heat absorbed or released during a chemical reaction. The device consists of a Styrofoam cup, which contains a known quantity of water. The reactants are mixed in the cup, and the change in temperature of the water is measured. The heat released or absorbed is calculated using the specific heat capacity of water and the change in temperature.
The coffee cup calorimeter is commonly used in teaching labs to demonstrate the concept of calorimetry. It is also used in the pharmaceutical industry to measure the heat of reaction during drug synthesis.
Differences
There are several differences between the bomb calorimeter and the coffee cup calorimeter. Firstly, the bomb calorimeter is more complex in its construction and operation, while the coffee cup calorimeter is simpler and easier to use. Secondly, the bomb calorimeter can measure the heat released during combustion reactions, while the coffee cup calorimeter can only measure the heat absorbed or released during reactions that take place at constant pressure. Thirdly, the bomb calorimeter requires a small metal crucible in which the sample is placed, while the coffee cup calorimeter only requires a Styrofoam cup. Finally, the bomb calorimeter is more accurate and precise in its measurements compared to the coffee cup calorimeter.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the bomb calorimeter and the coffee cup calorimeter are two types of calorimeters used to measure the heat released or absorbed during chemical reactions. The bomb calorimeter is more complex and accurate, while the coffee cup calorimeter is simpler and easier to use. The choice of calorimeter to use depends on the type of reaction being studied and the level of accuracy required.
