Difference Between Dry And Wet Processing Of Coffee
Coffee is one of the most popular beverages in the world. It is enjoyed by millions of people every day. However, not many people know about the different processes that coffee beans go through before they end up in our cups. Two of the most common methods of processing coffee are dry and wet processing. In this article, we will discuss the differences between these two methods.
Dry Processing
Dry processing, also known as natural processing, is the oldest method of processing coffee. This method involves drying the coffee beans in the sun. The coffee cherries are first harvested from the trees and then spread out on large drying beds. The cherries are left to dry in the sun for several weeks until the outer layer, or parchment, becomes dry and brittle. Once the parchment is dry, it is removed and the beans are sorted and graded.
Dry processing is popular in countries like Ethiopia, Brazil, and Yemen, where the weather is dry and sunny. This method of processing gives the coffee a fruity and floral flavor. However, it is also more susceptible to defects and inconsistencies due to the lack of control over the drying process.
Wet Processing
Wet processing, also known as washed processing, is a more modern method of processing coffee. This method involves removing the outer layer of the coffee cherry using water. The cherries are first harvested and then passed through a pulping machine, which removes the outer layer. The beans are then washed and left to ferment for up to 48 hours. The fermentation process helps to break down the remaining pulp and mucilage around the beans. Once the fermentation process is complete, the beans are washed again and dried in the sun or using a mechanical dryer.
Wet processing is popular in countries like Colombia, Costa Rica, and Kenya. This method of processing gives the coffee a clean and bright flavor. It also allows for greater control over the quality of the coffee, as the fermentation process can be adjusted to achieve a specific flavor profile. However, wet processing is more labor-intensive and requires a lot of water.
Differences
The main difference between dry and wet processing is the way in which the outer layer of the coffee cherry is removed. Dry processing involves drying the cherries in the sun, while wet processing involves using water to remove the outer layer. Dry processing produces coffee with a fruity and floral flavor, while wet processing produces coffee with a clean and bright flavor. Dry processing is more susceptible to defects and inconsistencies, while wet processing allows for greater control over the quality of the coffee.
Conclusion
Both dry and wet processing have their pros and cons. It ultimately comes down to personal preference and the specific flavor profile that you are looking for. However, it is important to understand the differences between these two methods in order to appreciate the complexity and diversity of coffee.